文言文	现代汉语	English
段颍字纪明，武威姑臧人也。	段颍字纪明，武威郡姑臧县人。	Duan Jiong, style named Jiming, was a native of Guzang District in Wuwei Commandery.
其先出郑共叔段，西域都护会宗之从曾孙也。	他的祖上出自春秋时的郑国共叔段，他是西域都护段会宗的堂曾孙。	His ancestor was from the clan of Gongshu Duan of the Zheng State during the Spring and Autumn period, and Duan Huizong, Commandant of the Western Regions, was his great-grandfather's brother.
颊少便习弓马，尚游侠，轻财贿，长乃折节好古学。	段颍年轻时就熟练射箭骑马，崇尚游侠，轻视钱财，长大后改变志趣行为开始喜好古学。	When Duan Jiong was young, he was already skilled at archery and horse-riding. He admired knights-errant but devalued money and property. Once he grew to maturity, his character changed and he learned to enjoy the classics.
初举孝廉，为宪陵园丞、阳陵令，所在能政迁辽东属国都尉。	起先被推举为孝廉，担任宪陵园丞、阳陵县令，所任职的地方政绩都很优秀，升为辽东属国都尉。	At first, he was recommended as a Filial and Incorrupt candidate. Later, he was appointed Funerary Park Aide of Xianling and then Magistrate of Yangling District, where his governance was excellent, and was later promoted to Commandant of Liaodong Vassal States.
时鲜卑犯塞，颍即率所领驰赴之。	当时鲜卑侵犯边疆，段颍就率领部下驰逐赴战。	At that time, the Tartar tribes encroached on Han’s frontier, and Duan Jiong led his subordinates and troops quickly to the battlefield.
既而恐贼惊去，乃使驿骑诈赍玺书诏频，颊于道伪退，潜于还路设伏。	不久，由于担心侵略者受惊而逃离，于是派驿站骑士假装拿着皇帝的玺书召回段颍，段颍在路上假装退去，暗中则在返途上设下埋伏。	Not long after, being afraid that the invaders might be alarmed and flee, he sent cavalry from the post station carrying a forged imperial edict summoning him back, then pretended to retreat but secretly laid an ambush on his return route.
虏以为信然，乃入追颍。	鲜卑部队以为这是真的，于是进来追击段颍。	The Tartar tribes believed the forgery to be true and entered to pursue Duan Jiong.
颍因大纵兵，悉斩获之。	段颍于是出兵大战，全部把他们斩杀俘虏。	Duan Jiong then released his soldiers in a great assault and killed or captured all of them.
坐诈玺书，伏重刑，以有功，论司寇。	因为伪造玺书，按律要伏重刑，因为有功判罚劳作二年。	According to the law, he was subject to heavy punishment for forging the imperial edict, but because of his contributions, he was sentenced to two years of manual labor.
刑竟，征拜议郎。	服刑结束，被征召任命为议郎。	After his sentence ended, he was summoned and appointed Court Gentleman for Consultation.
时太山、琅邪贼东郭窦、公孙举等聚众三万人，破坏郡县，遣兵讨之，连年不克	当时，太山、琅盗贼东郭窦、公孙举等人聚众三万人，攻破郡县，朝廷派兵讨伐，连年不能平息。	During that time, the bandits Dongguo Dou, Gongsun Ju and others from the Taishan and Langye areas joined forces for a total of thirty thousand people. They plundered commanderies and districts. The Han court sent armies to attack them, but they did not make it for many years.
永寿二年，桓帝诏公卿选将有文武者，司徒尹讼荐频，乃拜为中郎将	永寿二年(公元156年)，桓帝下诏命公卿选拔有文武之才的将领，司徒尹颂推荐段颊，于是他被任命为中郎将。	In the second year of Yongshou era (156), Emperor Huan issued an edict, ordering dukes and ministers to recommend someone with literary and military abilities, a general-like character. Minister of Education Yin Song recommended Duan Jiong, who was then appointed to be Leader of Court Gentlemen.
击窦、举等，大破斩之，获首万余级，余党降散。	进攻东郭窦、公孙举等，大获胜利并杀了他们，一共斩杀一万敌人，其他的贼党或投降或逃散。	Duan Jiong launched attacks on Dongguo Dou, Gongsun Ju and others and won the battle. He killed both Dongguo and Gongsun as well as their subordinates, totaling ten thousand soldiers. The remaining bandits either surrendered or fled.
封颍为列侯，赐钱五十万，除一子为郎中	封段频为列侯，赏赐五十万钱，任命他的一个儿子为郎中。	Duan Jiong was rewarded with the title of Adjunct Marquis and five hundred thousand in coin. One of his sons was also appointed Gentleman of the Interior.
延熹二年，迁护羌校尉	延熹二年(公元159年)，升护羌校尉。	In the second year of the Yanxi era (159), Duan Jiong was promoted to be the Protector Commandant of Qiang.
会烧当、烧何、当煎、勒姐等八种羌寇陇西、金城塞，频将兵及湟中义从羌万二千骑出湟谷，击破之追讨	这时烧当、烧何、当煎、勒姐等八种羌寇侵犯陇西、金城边疆，段频带兵及湟中地区归属汉朝的羌人一万二千骑兵出湟谷，打败了他们，追击讨伐。	During this time, the eight Qiang tribes such as Shaodang, Shaohe, Dangjian, Lejie and others assaulted Longxi and Jincheng frontier regions. Duan Jiong led his armies and the Qiang people who were under Han's control in the Huangzhong area, a total of twelve thousand riders, out from Huanggu and defeated the eight Qiang tribes. Going on pursuing and attacking the enemy,
南度河，使军吏田晏、夏育募先登，悬索相引，复战于罗亭，大破之，斩其酋豪以下二千级，获生口万余人，虏皆奔走	向南渡河，派军官田晏、夏育招募先遣队，用绳索悬空相互牵引而登，又在罗亭开战，大败他们，杀了他们头目以下二千人，俘获一万多人，羌人都逃走了。	he crossed the River to the south. He sent his officers Tian Yan and Xia Yu to recruit vanguard soldiers. The soldiers used climbing ropes to help one another scale the cliff. Then they fought against the Qiangs in Luoting. The Qiangs were badly defeated. There were two thousand Qiang soldiers killed, and ten thousand captured. The rest fled off.
明年春，余羌复与烧何大豪寇张掖，攻没钜鹿坞，杀属国吏民。	第二年春天，其他的羌人又与烧何头领侵犯张掖，攻占了钜鹿坞，杀害属国的官吏人民。	In the spring of the following year, other groups of Qiang, along with the leader of the Shaohe tribe, assaulted the Zhangye area and occupied Julu entrenchment. They killed officers and commoners of that vassal state.
又招同种千余落，并兵晨奔颊军。	又招集同种一千多庐落，把士兵联合起来趁着早晨进攻段颍部队。	In one morning, with more than one thousand groups gathered from the same tribes, they joined forces to attack Duan Jiong’s troops.
颊下马大战，至日中，刀折矢尽，虏亦引退。	段颍下马大战，到中午，战刀折断弓箭用尽，羌人也带兵退去。	Duan Jiong got off his horse and fought them. By noon, with weapons broken and arrows gone, the Qiangs retreated.
颊追之，且斗且行，昼夜相攻，割肉食雪，四十余日。	段颍追击他们，边战边走，不分日夜和他们作战，割马肉吃冻雪，四十多天。	Duan Jiong went on a pursuit to attack them. Day and night, they marched forward and fought the Qiangs. They killed horses for food and ate snow for drink for over forty days.
遂至河首积石山，出塞二千余里，斩烧何大帅，首虏五千余人。	于是到了河源积石山，出了塞外二千多里，斩杀烧何大头目及五千多士兵。	They finally reached Jishi Mountain in Heyuan, which was about two thousand li beyond the frontier, and Duan Jiong killed the chief leader of the Shaohe tribe and another five thousand Qiang people.
又分兵击石城羌，斩首溺死者千六百人。	又分兵进攻石城羌，杀死、淹死一千六百人。	He then sent a division from his army to attack the Qiangs in the Shicheng area. One thousand six hundred Qiang people were killed or drowned.
烧当种九千余口诣颍降。	烧当种九千多人向段颍投降。	The Shaodang tribe, with a total of more than nine thousand people, surrendered to Duan Jiong.
又杂种羌屯聚白石，颍复进击，首虏三千余人。	还有杂种羌驻扎白石，段颍又继续进攻，斩杀三千多人。	There were other Qiang tribes stationed at Baishi, so Duan Jiong marched to attack them and killed more than three thousand.
冬，勒姐、零吾种围允街，杀略吏民，颊排营救之，斩获数百人。	冬天，勒姐、零吾种羌人包围允街县，杀害抢掠官吏人民，段颍率兵援救，斩杀俘获几百人。	In the winter of that year, the tribes of Lejie and Lingwu surrounded Yunjie District, killing and plundering local officers and commoners. Duan Jiong led his army to rescue the place and killed and captured several hundred of the Qiangs.
四年冬，上郡沈氐、陇西牢姐、乌吾诸种羌，共寇并、凉二州。	延熹四年(公元161年)冬天，上郡沈氐、陇西牢姐、乌吾诸种羌人共同侵犯并、凉二州。	In the winter of the fourth year (161), the Shendi tribe from Shang Commandery, the Laojie tribe from Longxi, and several other Qiang tribes from the Wuwu area joined forces to attack both Bingzhou and Liangzhou.
颍将湟中义从讨之。	段颍率领湟中一带的胡羌丁壮讨伐他们。	Duan Jiong led the courageous Qiang volunteers of the Huangzhong area to fight against them.
凉州刺史郭闳贪共其功，稽固颍军，使不得进。	凉州刺史郭闳想贪分他的功劳，故意使段颍部队滞留不进。	Guo Hong, Regional Inspector of Liangzhou, wanted to share Duan’s merits for his personal gain, so he held up Duan Jiong’s troops intentionally, preventing them from moving forward.
义从役久，恋乡旧，皆悉反叛。	胡羌丁壮都已经历长时间战争，也怀念乡里旧情，都反叛了。	The Qiang volunteers rebelled as they started to grow homesick after the lengthy battle.
郭闳归罪于颍，频坐征下狱，输作左校。	郭闳归罪于段颍，段颍因此被召回下狱，在左校服劳役。	Guo Hong blamed it on Duan Jiong, who was summoned back to the capital and imprisoned as a result. Duan Jiong served out his sentence laboring in the Left Construction Section.
羌遂陆梁，覆没营坞，转相招结，唐突诸郡。	羌人于是猖狂，攻占营坞，相互招引勾结，攻击各郡。	Thereafter, the Qiangs became reckless again. They occupied entrenchments and ganged up to attack several surrounding commanderies.
于是吏人守阙讼颊以千数。	因此官吏人民到皇宫前为段颍喊冤的有上千人。	Thus, more than one thousand officers and commoners went to the palace for a petition, complaining about Duan Jiong’s alleged crime.
朝廷知颊为郭闳所诬，诏问其状。	朝廷知道了段颍被郭闳诬陷，下诏询问情况。	Learning that Duan Jiong was wrongly accused by Guo Hong, the royal court issued an edict for an investigation.
颍但谢罪，不敢言枉，京师称为长者。	段颍只是谢罪，不敢说被冤枉，京师舆论称他为长者。	Duan Jiong pled guilty, not daring to admit he had been wrongly accused. The public in the capital all praised him as a superior man.
起于徒中，复拜议郎，迁并州刺史。	段颍在服劳役的囚犯中被起用，又任命为议郎，升并州刺史。	During the time of his imprisonment, he was pardoned and appointed Court Gentleman for Consultation, and subsequently promoted to the post of Regional Inspector of Bingzhou Region.
时滇那等诸种羌五六千人寇武威、张掖、酒泉，烧人庐舍。	当时，滇那等各种羌人五六千人侵犯武威、张掖、酒泉三郡，烧人房屋。	Around the same year, the Dianna tribe and other Qiang tribes, totaling five or six thousand people, attacked the three commanderies of Wuwei, Zhangye, and Jiuquan, and burned down the people’s houses.
六年，寇势转盛，凉州几亡。	六年(公元163年)，侵犯的势头更加厉害，凉州基本上面临灭亡的危险。	In the sixth year (163), the assault became even more fierce, and Liangzhou was on the verge of complete destruction.
冬，复以颊为护羌校尉，乘驿之职。	冬天，朝廷又任命段颊为护羌校尉，乘着驿车上任。	In the winter of that year, the emperor once again appointed Duan Jiong to be Protector Commandant of Qiang, and he rode the imperial carriage to assume his office.
明年春，羌封缪、良多、滇那等酋豪三百五十五人，率三千落诣频降。	第二年春天，封缪、良多、滇那等羌人头目三百五十五人率领三千部落向段频投降。	In the spring of the following year, the three hundred fifty-five Qiang tribal leaders of the Fengmou, Liangduo, and Dianna tribes led their three thousand groups to surrender to Duan Jiong.
当煎、勒姐种犹自屯结。	当煎、勒姐种还是聚集不肯投降。	However, the tribes of Dangjian and Lejie remained united and still did not want to surrender.
冬，颖将万余人击破之，斩其酋豪，首虏四千余人。	冬天，段频带一万多人把他们打败，斩杀了他们的头目，杀了四千多人。	In the winter, Duan Jiong led over ten thousand soldiers to conquer them and killed their tribal leaders along with more than four thousand soldiers.
八年春，颊复击勒姐种，斩首四百余级，降者二千余人。	八年(公元165年)春天，段颍又进攻勒姐种羌人，杀了四百多人，投降的有二千多人。	In the spring of the eighth year (165), Duan Jiong launched another attack on the Lejie tribe, killing more than four hundred and forcing over two thousand to surrender.
夏，进军击当煎种于湟中，颊兵败，被围三日。	夏天，进军湟中攻击当煎种羌，段颍兵败，被围困三天。	In the summer, Duan Jiong marched to Huangzhong to attack the Dangjian tribe, but was defeated and besieged for three days.
用隐士樊志张策，潜师夜出，鸣鼓还战，大破之，首虏数千人。	用隐士樊志张的计策，在夜晚率军突围，突围后鸣战鼓返回再战，大败他们，杀了几千人。	He adopted the strategy of the recluse Fan Zhizhang, secretly leading his troops out at night; after breaking through, they struck the war drums, returned to battle, and defeated the enemy, killing several thousand.
颊遂穷追，展转山谷间，自春及秋，无日不战。	段颍于是穷追不舍，辗转于山谷之间，从春天到秋天，没有一天不交战的。	Duan Jiong then pursued them relentlessly, moving through mountain valleys, fighting every single day from spring until autumn.
虏遂饥困败散，北略武威间。	羌人于是饥困流散，向北抢掠武威。	The Qiangs were eventually starved, exhausted, and scattered, some fleeing north to plunder Wuwei.
频凡破西羌，斩首二万三千级，获生口数万人，马牛羊八百万头，降者万余落。	段颖破西羌，一共斩首二万三千级，俘虏几万人，马牛羊八百万头，投降的一万多人。	Altogether, Duan Jiong defeated the western Qiang tribes, beheaded twenty-three thousand, captured tens of thousands, seized eight million horses, cattle, and sheep, and received the surrender of over ten thousand groups.
封颊都乡侯，邑五百户。	封段颖都乡侯，食邑五百户。	He was granted the title of Chief Township Marquis, with a fiefdom of five hundred households.
永康元年，当煎诸种复反，合四千余人，欲攻武威。	永康元年（公元167年），当煎等诸种羌人又反叛，聚集四千多人，想要进攻武威郡。	In the first year of the Yongkang era (167), the Qiang tribes of Dangjian and others rebelled again, gathering over four thousand people to attack Wuwei Commandery.
颊复追击于鸾鸟，大破之，杀其渠帅，斩首三千余级，西羌于此弭定。	段颍又在鸾鸟县追击他们，大败之，斩杀其首领及三千多人，西羌从此平定。	Duan Jiong pursued and attacked them in the Luanniao District, defeating them, killing the tribal leaders and more than three thousand men, thus pacifying the western Qiang tribes.
而东羌、先零等自覆没征西将军马贤后，朝廷不能讨，遂数寇扰三辅。	而东羌、先零等自从击败征西将军马贤后，朝廷无力征讨，于是多次侵扰三辅地区。	However, the eastern Qiang and Xianling tribes, after defeating General of Western Expedition Ma Xian, frequently raided and harassed the Three Metropolis Areas as the court lacked the strength to suppress them.
其后度辽将军皇甫规、中郎将张奂，招之连年，既降又叛。	后来，度辽将军皇甫规和中郎将张奂多年招抚他们，他们投降后又反叛。	Later, General of Crossing Liao Huangfu Gui and Court Gentleman Zhang Huan summoned them to surrender for years, but the tribes rebelled again after submission.
桓帝诏问频曰：“先零、东羌造恶反逆，而皇甫规、张奂各拥强众，不时辑定。欲颊移兵东讨，未识其宜，可参思术略。”	桓帝下诏问段颍说：“先零、东羌作乱反叛，而皇甫规、张奂各自拥兵强盛，不能及时平定。我打算让你移师东讨，但不知是否合适，你可以参详策略。”	Emperor Huan issued an edict to Duan Jiong, saying, “The Xianling and eastern Qiang have rebelled and caused chaos. Huangfu Gui and Zhang Huan each command strong forces but cannot pacify them in time. I intend to send you eastward to suppress them, but I am unsure if it is proper. Please consider and advise me on a strategy.”
颍因上言曰：“臣伏见先零、东羌虽数叛逆，而降于皇甫规者已二万许落，善恶既分，余寇无几。”	段颍于是上奏说：“我观察到先零、东羌虽屡次反叛，但投降皇甫规的已有二万多部落，善恶已分，剩下的寇贼不多了。”	Duan Jiong then memorialized, saying, “I have observed that although the Xianling and eastern Qiang tribes have repeatedly rebelled, more than twenty thousand groups have already surrendered to Huangfu Gui. The good and the evil are now distinguished, and few enemies remain.”
今张奂踌躇久不进者，当虑外离内合，兵往必惊。	现在张奂迟迟不进攻，是顾虑到外部分离、内部联合，若出兵讨伐，必定引起骚动。	Zhang Huan has hesitated to advance for a long time because he worries that external divisions may unite internally, and that sending troops will surely cause alarm.
且自冬践春，屯结不散，人畜疲羸，自亡之势，徒更招降，坐制强敌耳。	况且从冬天到春天，军队久屯不散，人畜疲惫，这是自取灭亡的趋势，只是徒然招降，反而被强敌牵制。	Moreover, as the army has been stationed from winter into spring without dispersing, both men and animals have grown weary — a situation leading to self-destruction, only inviting surrender in vain and being constrained by strong enemies.
臣以为狼子野心，难以恩纳，势穷虽服，兵去复动。	我认为这些人如狼有野心，难以用恩惠招抚，势穷虽降，兵去则又反。	I believe these people are wolf-hearted and cannot be won over with kindness; though they submit when desperate, they will rebel again once our troops withdraw.
唯当长矛挟胁、白刃加颈耳。	只有用长矛逼迫，用利刃加颈，才能彻底制服他们。	The only way is to subdue them by force — with spears at their sides and blades at their throats.
计东种所余三万余落，居近塞内，路无险折，非有燕、齐、秦、赵从横之势。	据计算，东部诸种尚有三万多落，居住在塞内一带，道路平坦无险，不似燕、齐、秦、赵等地那样地势曲折。	By calculation, the remaining eastern tribes number over thirty thousand households, living near the frontier within the passes, with roads neither steep nor perilous, unlike the crisscrossing terrains of Yan, Qi, Qin, and Zhao.
而久乱并、凉，累侵三辅。	他们长期扰乱并州、凉州，屡次侵犯三辅地区。	They have long disturbed Bingzhou and Liangzhou and have repeatedly invaded the Three Metropolis Areas.
西河、上郡已各内徙；安定、北地复至单危。	西河、上郡的百姓已迁入内地；安定、北地两郡也陷入危境。	People from Xihe and Shang Commanderies have already relocated inland, while Anding and Beidi Commanderies are once again in peril.
自云中、五原西至汉阳二千余里，匈奴、种羌，并擅其地。	从云中、五原往西到汉阳，绵延两千多里，匈奴与各部羌人都占据了这些地方。	From Yunzhong and Wuyuan westward to Hanyang, stretching over two thousand li, the lands are all occupied by the Xiongnu and various Qiang tribes.
是为痈疽伏疾，留滞胁下，如不加诛，转就滋大。	这就像潜伏在胁下的痈疽之疾，如果不加以铲除，终将越发膨胀。	This is like an ulcerous hidden disease festering beneath the ribs — if not eradicated, it will only grow worse and larger over time.
今若以骑五千、步万人、车三千两，三冬二夏，足以破定，无虑用费为钱五十四亿。	现在如果用骑兵五千，步兵一万人，车三千辆，三个冬天二个夏天，足以把他们平定，大概费用五十四亿钱。	If we use five thousand cavalry, ten thousand infantry, and three thousand wagons for three winters and two summers would suffice to pacify them, with an estimated cost of fifty-four hundred million coins.
如此，则可令群羌破尽，匈奴长服，内徙郡县得反本土。	这样的话，就可以消灭群羌，使匈奴永远服从，边疆郡县迁徙到内地的人民就可以回到故乡。	Thus we could destroy the Qiang bands entirely, bring the Xiongnu into lasting submission, and allow those who had moved inland from frontier commanderies to return to their native lands.
伏计永初中，诸羌反叛，十有四年，用二百四十亿。	算来自永初年间，各羌反叛，十四年用了二百四十亿钱。	I calculate that in the Yongchu period the Qiang rebellions over fourteen years cost two hundred and forty hundred million coins.
永和之末，复经七年，用八十余亿。	永和末年，又经历七年，用了八十多亿钱。	At the end of the Yonghe era, another seven years of fighting cost more than eighty hundred million coins.
费耗若此，犹不诛尽，余孽复起，于兹作害。	费用这么多，还没诛尽他们，余孽又起，危害至今。	Even with such expenditures they were not exterminated, and remnant bands rose again to cause harm.
今不暂疲人，则永宁无期。	现在如果不暂时让军队疲劳讨伐，那么永远安宁的日子就遥遥无期。	If we do not first wear them down now, lasting peace will remain forever out of reach.
臣庶竭驽劣，伏待节度。	我把建议呈上，等待调遣。	I and my humble men will exhaust our meager abilities and await your orders.
帝许之，悉听如所上。	皇帝同意他的建议，全部听从他所说的。	The emperor approved and followed the plan exactly as submitted.
建宁元年春，颊将兵万余人，赍十五日粮，从彭阳直指高平，与先零诸种战于逢义山。	建宁元年（公元168年）春天，段颍带兵一万多人，带了十五天的粮草，从彭阳县直向高平县进发，和先零诸种在逢义山开战。	In the spring of the first year of the Jianning era (168), Duan Jiong led over ten thousand soldiers, provisioned with fifteen days’ grain, and marched directly from Pengyang to Gaoping to fight the Xianling tribes at Fengyi Mountain.
虏兵盛，颖众恐。颍乃令军中张镞利刃，长矛三重，挟以强弩，列轻骑为左右翼。	先零兵多，段颍的士兵害怕。段颍于是命令军队中排开镞头和锐利的刀刃，长矛兵三排，挟着强弓，分列轻骑作为左右两翼。	The Xianling forces were numerous and Duan Jiong’s men were alarmed. Duan Jiong ordered his ranks to set spearheads and sharp blades, arrayed three ranks of long-spearmen with powerful crossbows, and placed light cavalry on the left and right wings.
激怒兵将曰：“今去家数千里，进则事成，走必尽死，努力共功名!”因大呼，众皆应声腾赴。	他用话激励将士说：“现在离家几千里，前进就成功，逃走必定全军覆没，大家努力共建功名!”于是大声呼喊，将士们都叫喊着杀向敌人。	He roused his officers and cried out, “We are thousands of li from home; if we advance we will succeed, if we flee we shall surely die — strive together for fame and merit!” He shouted, and the troops answered and surged forward.
颖驰骑于傍突而击之，虏众大溃，斩首八千余级，获牛马羊二十八万头。	段颍在一旁驰奔突击，先零部队大败，斩杀八千多人，俘获牛马羊二十八万头。	Duan Jiong charged at speed on the flank and struck them; the enemy broke in rout, some eight thousand were beheaded, and two hundred and eighty thousand head of cattle, horses, and sheep were captured.
时窦太后临朝，下诏曰：“先零、东羌，历载为患，颍前陈状，欲必埽灭。”	当时，窦太后掌权，下诏说：“先零、东羌为害多年，段颍上次上书陈述情况，一定要消灭他们。”	At that time, Empress Dowager Dou held the reins of imperial power and issued an edict stating, “The Xianling and the Eastern Qiang have been a scourge for many years. Duan Jiong previously reported the situation and insisted on eradicating them.”
“涉履霜雪，兼行晨夜，身当矢石，感厉吏士。”	“踏着霜雪，日夜快行，身先士卒，激励将士。”	“Traveling through frost and snow, he marched day and night, personally facing arrows and stones, inspiring his officers and soldiers.”
“曾未浃日，凶丑奔破，连尸积俘，掠获无笄。”	“一天不到，先零就被打败了。杀了很多敌人，俘虏也很多，获得的牛马羊之类的战利品不计其数。”	“In less than one day, the Xianling were defeated, with corpses and captives piled high and countless spoils seized.”
“洗雪百年之逋负，以慰忠将之亡魂，功用显著，朕甚嘉之。”	“洗刷了百年的耻辱，以安慰忠将的亡魂。功劳显著，我非常赞赏他。”	“He washed away a century of humiliation, comforting the spirits of loyal generals who had fallen. His achievements were remarkable, and I greatly commend him.”
“须东羌尽定，当并录功勤。今且赐颍钱二十万，以家一人为郎中。”	“等到东羌全部平定，我会一并记录功劳。现在暂且赏赐段颍二十万钱，起用他家里的一个人担任郎中。”	“When the Eastern Qiang are completely pacified, I will record all his merits. For now, I grant Duan Jiong two hundred thousand coins and appoint one of his family members as Gentleman of the Interior.”
敕中藏府调金钱彩物，增助军费，拜颍破羌将军。	命令国家金库调集金钱财物，增加补助军费，任命段颍为破羌将军。	She ordered the Imperial Treasury to allocate funds and fine goods to supplement the army’s expenses and appointed Duan Jiong as General Who Vanquishes the Qiangs.
夏，颍复追羌出桥门，至走马水上。	夏天，段颍又追击羌人出桥门，到达走马水上。	In the summer, Duan Jiong pursued the Qiangs out of Qiaomen and reached the Zouma River.
寻闻虏在奢延泽，乃将轻兵兼行，一日一夜二百余里，晨及贼，击破之。	不久听说羌人在奢延泽，于是带领轻兵快行，一日一夜急行军二百多里，早晨追到敌人，把他们打败。	Soon after hearing that the Qiangs were at Sheyan Marsh, he led a lightly armed force to march over two hundred li within a day and night, reaching and defeating the enemy by morning.
余虏走向落川。	剩余的敌人逃向落川。	The remaining Qiangs fled toward Luochuan.
复相屯结。	聚集。	Their forces once more.
颊乃分遣骑司马田晏将五千人出其东，假司马夏育将二千人绕其西。	段颍于是分派骑兵司马田晏率五千人从他们的东面出击，假司马夏育率二千人绕到他们的西面。	Duan Jiong divided his cavalrymen into two separate armies: one with five thousand cavalrymen led by Commander Tian Yan would attack the Qiangs from the east; the other with two thousand cavalrymen led by Commander Xia Yu would attack the Qiangs from the west.
羌分六七千人攻围晏等，晏等与战，羌溃走。	羌人分派六七千人围攻田晏等，田晏等人与他们交战，羌人溃败逃走。	The Qiangs sent six or seven thousand members to fight with Tian Yan and others. Defeated by Tian Yan, they retreated.
频急进，与晏等共追之于令鲜水上。	段颍急速前进，与田晏等一起追击他们到达令鲜水上。	Duan Jiong quickly moved forward to join Tian Yan and his troops in pursuit of the Qiangs. They pursued them relentlessly, proceeding to Lingxian River.
颊士卒饥渴，乃勒众推方夺其水，虏复散走。	段频的士兵饥渴，于是他率众并排前进，夺取羌人的水源，他们又散逃。	Duan Jiong's armies were hungry and thirsty. But he arranged them in rows, pressing them forward. In this manner, they seized the water source from the Qiangs. The Qiang fighters scattered, escaping once more.
颊遂与相连缀，且斗且引，及于灵武谷。	段颍紧跟着他们，边战边行，到达灵武谷。	Duan Jiong followed the Qiangs in hot pursuit. He engaged them in tight skirmishes as they went on and on. Arriving finally at Lingwu Valley,
颍乃被甲先登，士卒无敢后者。	段颍披着盔甲先冲上去，士兵没有敢落后于他的。	Duan Jiong donned his battle armor and engaged the Qiangs in battle. None of his soldiers dared to fall behind.
羌遂大败，弃兵而走。	羌人于是大败，弃兵而逃。	Consequently, the Qiangs were badly defeated. They discarded their weapons and escaped.
追之三日三夜，士皆重茧。	追击敌人三天三夜，士兵都长了几层足茧。	Duan Jiong again pursued them, engaging them in battle for three days and nights running. Duan Jiong’s soldiers suffered with badly blistered and callused feet.
既到泾阳，余寇四千落，悉散入汉阳山谷间。	到泾阳后，剩余敌人四千个庐落，全部逃散进入汉阳山谷间。	After they reached Jingyang, the four thousand groups of remaining enemies scattered, fleeing into the valleys and mountains of Hanyang.
时张奂上言：“东羌虽破，余种难尽，颖性轻果，虑负败难常，宜且以恩降，可无后悔。”	这时张奂上书说：“东羌虽然破败了，剩余的种人难以杀尽，段颍性格轻进果敢，我考虑羌人失败了还会卷土重来，应该暂且用恩惠使他们投降，这样的话就可以没有后悔啦。”	At this time, Zhang Huan submitted a letter stating, "Although the eastern Qiangs have been conquered, the remaining Qiang tribes are still difficult to eliminate. Duan Jiong is a man of quick and resolute action. I am afraid that the Qiangs will stage a counterattack even though they have been conquered in battle now. We should bestow favors on them and demand that they surrender for the time being. Thus will we avoid further regret."
诏书下颊，颊复上言：“臣本知东羌虽众，而软弱易制，所以比陈愚虑，思为永宁之笄。	朝廷因此下达诏书告知段颍，段颍又上书说：“我本来了解东羌虽然人多但软弱容易制服，所以前不久陈述我的建议，思考国家永远安宁的计划。	The emperor issued an edict to Duan Jiong, along with this letter. Duan Jiong responded, "I know that although the eastern Qiang tribal members are numerous, they are also weak and easy to control. That was certainly the rationale for the suggestions I offered not long ago. My suggestion is that we implement a plan which will secure eternal peace for our country.
而中郎将张奂，说虏强难破，宜用招降。	而中郎将张奂说东羌强大难以破灭，应该招降他们。	However, Leader of Court Gentlemen Zhang Huan remarks that the eastern Qiangs are too powerful to be conquered. He further suggests that Your Majesty summon them to surrender.
圣朝明监，信纳瞽言，故臣谋得行，奂计不用。	圣朝明于鉴别，采用了我的建议，所以我的谋略得以施行，张奂的计策不能实施。	Because of Your Majesty's wise judgment, my suggestion was adopted and my strategy was successfully carried out. You know that Zhang Huan's plan cannot be used.
事势相反，遂怀猜恨。	现在的形势跟他说的相反，于是他就对我心怀猜忌怨恨。	His description of the situation is the opposite of the truth. Therefore, he is jealous and hates me.
信叛羌之诉，饰润辞意，云臣兵累见折衄。	他相信了叛羌的话，把话说得很好听，说我的部队几次被打败。	He believes the words of the rebellious Qiang, and covers his lies with beautiful language to support this. He says that my soldiers have been defeated several times.
又言羌一气所生，不可诛尽；	又说羌人和我们是一脉所生，不能把他们杀尽。	He also says that we and the Qiang were born with the same qi under Heaven, so we must not eliminate them.
山谷广大，不可空静；	山谷土地广大，不能空无一人。	He states that the land, so full of mountains and valleys, is both vast and wide. He says that it is not wise to leave it empty, with nobody in residence.
血流污野，伤和致灾。	血流遍野，伤了天地和气会导致灾难。	He also says that if we fill the wilderness with blood, the harmony between Heaven and Earth will be damaged, bringing us disaster.
臣伏念周秦之际，戎狄为害。	我思考周、秦之际，少数民族就已经为害中原了。	I think that the ethnic minorities have caused great problems for our central plain since the periods of Zhou and Qin.
中兴以来，羌寇最盛，诛之。	汉朝中兴以来，羌人问题最严重，斩草不除根，即使投降也难以安宁。	Since the restoration of the Han Dynasty, our conflict with the Qiangs has become most serious; if we cut the weeds but fail to dig up the roots, even their surrender will not bring lasting peace.
不尽，虽降复叛。	斩草不除根，降了也还是会反叛。	If the roots are not removed, the weeds will grow back. Even if they surrender now, they will rebel later.
今先零杂种累以反复，攻没县邑，剽略人物，发家露尸，祸及生死。	现在先零各族多次反复无常，攻占城邑，抢掠百姓，挖坟露尸，祸及生死。	Now the Xianling and other tribes have repeatedly surrendered and rebelled, assaulting our people, plundering property, and digging up graves to expose corpses, bringing calamity upon both the living and the dead.
上天震怒，假手行诛。	上天震怒，用我们的手替天行道。	Heaven is enraged and uses our hands to carry out its punishment.
昔邢为无道，卫国伐之，师兴而雨。	从前邢国无道，卫国讨伐他们，军队出发时就下了甘雨。	In ancient times, when the State of Xing acted immorally, the State of Wei sent troops to punish it, and as the army set out, auspicious rain fell.
臣动兵涉夏，连获甘澍，岁时丰稔，人无疵疫。	我带兵经历夏天，连续获得适时好雨，五谷丰登，百姓无病。	When I led my troops during summer, we continuously received timely rains, the harvest was abundant, and the people were free from disease.
上占天心，不为灾伤；下察人事，众和师克。	向上察天意，没有灾祸；向下察人事，众人和睦，军队获胜。	Looking upward, we see Heaven’s favor—no calamity has befallen us; looking downward, we see human harmony and military victory.
自桥门以西，落川以东，故官县邑，更相通属。	从桥门以西、落川以东的地方，旧有的官县邑已重新连属一体。	From the west of Qiaomen to the east of Luochuan, the former official districts and counties have again become connected with the central lands.
非为深险绝域之地，车骑安行，无应折衄。	这并不是深险绝域之地，车马可以安全通行，不会有失败的道理。	These are not remote or perilous lands—wagons and horses can travel safely, and there is no reason for defeat.
案奂为汉吏，身当武职，驻军二年，不能平寇。	张奂作为汉朝官员，身居武职，驻军两年，不能平定羌人。	Zhang Huan serves as an official of Han, holding a military post, yet after two years of stationing troops, he still fails to pacify the Qiangs.
虚欲修文戢戈，招降犷敌，诞辞空说，错乱无功。	他假装修文息武，招降凶敌，这些荒诞空虚的言论，混乱无效。	He pretends to value culture and cease warfare, trying to induce savage foes to surrender; such absurd and empty words are confused and fruitless.
何言之谬哉？	为什么这么说？	Why are his words so misguided?
昔先零作寇，赵充国徙令居内。	以前先零侵犯，赵充国把他们迁徙到内地。	When the Xianling tribe assaulted our land, Zhao Chongguo moved them into the inner regions.
煎当乱边，马援迁之三辅。	煎当骚扰边疆，马援把他们迁徙到三辅地区。	When the Jiandang faction harried the border, Ma Yuan relocated them into the Three Metropolis Areas.
始服终叛，至今为鲠。故远识之士，以为深忧。	起初归顺，最后还是反叛，这种祸害一直到今天，所以有远见的人对此深感忧虑。	At first they submitted, but later they rebelled; the harm persists to this day, and farsighted men are deeply troubled by it.
今傍郡户口单少，数为羌所创毒。	现在边疆的郡户口稀少，经常被羌人侵扰伤害。	Nowadays the frontier commanderies have few households, which are often assailed and harmed by the Qiang.
而欲令降徒与之杂居，是犹种枳棘于良田，养虺蛇于室内也。	又欲令投降的羌人与彼等杂居，此犹在良田里种枳棘，在室内养毒蛇也。	To force surrendered Qiang to live mixed among them is like planting thornbushes in fertile fields or keeping venomous snakes in the house.
故臣奉大汉之威，建长久之策，欲绝其本根，不使能殖。	所以我奉汉威，拟定长久之计，欲绝其根本，使其不能繁衍。	Therefore I, invoking the authority of Han, propose a long-term plan to sever their roots so they cannot propagate.
本规三岁之费，用五十四亿，今适期年，所耗未半，而余寇残烬，将向殄灭。	本来预计三年之费五十四亿，今逾一年，所耗未半，而残寇如余烬，将近灭绝。	Originally the plan budgeted fifty-four hundred million coins for three years; now after one year less than half has been spent, and the remaining rebel remnants are like dying embers nearing extinction.
臣每奉诏书，军不内御，愿卒斯言，一以任臣，临时量宜，不失权便。	我每奉诏，皇命称军务可由外将自行处置，愿终此言以付我全权处置，权宜决断不失便宜。	Whenever I receive an edict stating that military affairs are to be decided by commanders in the field without imperial interference, I humbly ask that this be fully entrusted to me so I may act with timely discretion.
二年，诏遣谒者冯禅说降汉阳散羌。	二年(公元169年)，下诏派遣谒者冯禅游说汉阳散羌使其投降。	In the second year of Jianning (169), an edict was issued to send the envoy Feng Shan to persuade the Hanyang scattered Qiang to surrender.
颊以春农，百姓布野，羌虽暂降，而县官无廪，必当复为盗贼。	段颍以为春耕时百姓在田间，羌人暂降若无官府赈给，必定复为盗贼。	Duan Jiong argued that because it was spring planting season and the people were in the fields, if the Qiang surrendered temporarily but the county officials had no granaries to feed them, they would certainly turn to banditry again.
不如乘虚放兵，势必殄灭。	不如趁虚发兵进击，必能彻底消灭之。	He proposed instead to take advantage of their weakness and dispatch troops, which would surely annihilate them.
夏，颍自进营，去羌所屯凡亭山四五十里。	夏天，段颍自率军进营，距羌所屯的凡亭山约四五十里。	That summer Duan Jiong advanced his camp, moving some forty to fifty li from the Fanting Mountain where the Qiang were encamped.
遣田晏、夏育将五千人，据其山上。	乃遣田晏、夏育率五千人据其山上而守。	He dispatched Tian Yan and Xia Yu with five thousand men to occupy the mountain top.
羌悉众攻之，厉声问曰：“田晏、夏育在此不？湟中义从羌，悉在何面？今日欲决死生！”	羌人尽众围攻，高声喝问：“田晏、夏育在这里吗？湟中之义从羌都在何处？今日欲决一死生！”	The Qiangs massed and attacked, shouting loudly, “Are Tian Yan and Xia Yu here? Where are the Huangzhong volunteer Qiang? Today we decide life or death!”
军中恐。	军心惶恐。	The troops were thrown into panic.
晏等劝激兵士，殊死大战，遂破之。	田晏等激励士卒，殊死奋战，遂将其击破。	Tian Yan and the others rallied the soldiers, fought desperately, and defeated them.
羌众溃东奔，复聚射虎谷，分兵守诸谷上下门。	羌众溃散奔东，又聚于射虎谷，分兵把守各谷之上下要道。	The Qiang host broke and fled eastward, later regrouped at Shehu Valley, and split into detachments to guard the upper and lower passes of the valleys.
频规一举灭之，不欲复令散走，乃遣千人于西县结木为栅，广二十步，长四十里，遮之。	段颍欲一举歼灭，不欲令其再散走，乃令人在西县结木为栅，宽二十步，长四十里以阻截。	Duan Jiong planned to annihilate them in one stroke and not let them escape again, so he ordered a thousand men in Xi County to bind wood into a palisade twenty steps wide and forty li long to block them.
分遣晏、育等将七千人，衔枚夜上西山，结营穿堑，去虏一里许。	又分遣田晏、夏育等将七千人，携刀夜上西山，结营筑壕，距虏约一里许。	He further sent Tian Yan, Xia Yu and others with seven thousand men to stealthily climb the western hill by night, pitch camp and dig ditches about one li from the enemy.
又遣司马张恺等将三千人上东山。	又派遣司马张恺等率领三千人上东山。	Jiong then sent Commander Zhang Kai to lead three thousand soldiers up to the east side of the mountain.
虏乃觉之，遂攻晏等，分遮汲水道。	羌人这才发现了他们，于是进攻田晏等人，分别拦截取水的道路。	The Qiangs did not discover the climbers until the last moment. They attacked Tian Yan and the others, blocking the water sources along the separate routes.
频自率步骑进击，水上羌却走。	段颍亲自率领步兵骑兵在水边进攻，羌人撤退逃走。	Duan Jiong personally led foot soldiers and cavalrymen to fight the Qiangs along the river banks. The Qiangs withdrew and escaped.
因与恺等挟东西山，纵兵击破之，羌复败散。	于是与张恺等人从东、西两山间出兵，冲击羌人获胜，羌人再次失败逃散。	Accordingly, Duan Jiong, along with Zhang Kai and others, led their soldiers off the east and west sides of the mountain. They mounted an attack on the Qiangs forcefully and won the battle. The Qiangs fled and scattered once again.
颍追至谷上下门，穷山深谷之中，处处破之。	段颍追击到谷上下门的穷山深谷之中，到处攻破。	Duan Jiong pursued and attacked them at the lower and upper entrances to the valley. He broke the enemy ranks, fighting over remote mountains and down the deep valleys.
斩其渠帅以下万九千级，获牛、马、驴、骡、毡裘、庐帐、什物不可胜数。	斩杀了首领以下一万九千人，俘获的牛、马、驴、骡、氈裘、庐帐、什物等战利品不可胜数。	He killed the leader of the Qiangs and his nineteen thousand followers, and captured innumerable trophies such as cows, horses, donkeys, mules, felt coats, tents, and miscellaneous objects.
冯禅等所招降四千人，分置安定、汉阳、陇西三郡。	冯禅等人招降了四千人，分别安置到安定、汉阳、陇西三个郡。	Feng Shan and others also summoned four thousand people to surrender, and settled them separately in the three commanderies of Anding, Hanyang, and Longxi.
于是东羌悉平。	通过这一战东羌全部平定。	After this battle, the eastern Qiang were finally pacified.
凡百八十战，斩三万八千六百余级。	一共一百八十次战斗，杀了三万八千六百多人。	All together, there were one hundred and eighty battles, and thirty-eight thousand and six hundred people were killed.
获牛、马、羊、骡、驴、骆驼四十二万七千五百余头。	俘获牛、马、骡、驴、驼四十二万七千五百多头。	Four hundred twenty-seven thousand and five hundred (427,500) cows, horses, mules, donkeys, and camels were captured.
费用四十四亿，军士死者四百余人。	经费开销四十四亿钱，将士死亡四百多人。	Four billion and four hundred million (4,400,000,000) in cash was spent, and about four hundred soldiers were killed.
更封新丰县侯，邑万户。	改封他为新丰县侯，食邑一万户。	Duan Jiong was transferred and assigned the position of Marquis of Xinfeng District, with a fiefdom of ten thousand households.
频行军仁爱，士卒疾病者，亲自瞻省，手为裹创。	段颍行军带兵有仁爱之心。士兵生病了，他亲自看望，亲手为他们包扎伤口。	Duan Jiong treated his soldiers with benevolence. When a soldier was sick, he would pay a visit personally and bind up the wounds.
在边十余年，未尝一日蓐寝。	在边疆十多年，从来没有舒舒服服在床上睡过觉。	For the duration of more than a decade, he had never slept comfortably in a bed.
与将士同苦，故皆乐为死战。	他与将士们共同吃苦，所以他们都愿意为他出死力而战。	His subordinates were willing to sacrifice their lives for him because he shared their hardships.
三年春，征还京师，将秦、胡步骑五万余人，及汗血千里马，生口万余人。	三年（公元170年）春天，被征召回京师，他带着秦、胡步兵骑兵五万多人，以及汗血千里马，俘虏一万多人。	In the spring of the third year (170), he was summoned back to the capital. He brought back more than fifty thousand foot soldiers and cavalrymen from Qinzhou and Huzhou, plus a winged steed. He also brought more than ten thousand captured Qiang personnel.
诏遣大鸿胪持节慰劳于镐。	皇帝下诏派遣大鸿胪持符节在镐慰劳。	The emperor issued an edict, sending the Chamberlain for Dependencies and the Commissioner with Special Power to console them at Hao.
军至，拜侍中，转执金吾、河南尹。	段颍军到京师，皇帝授予他侍中之职，调任执金吾、河南尹。	When Duan Jiong and his troops arrived at the capital, the emperor rewarded him with the position of Palace Attendant. Later he was transferred to the post of Chamberlain for Imperial Insignia and to the Governorship of Henan.
有盗发冯贵人家，坐左转谏议大夫。	有盗匪挖开了冯贵人的墓，因此被降职为谏议大夫。	Robbers plundered Worthy Lady Feng’s tomb, so he was demoted to the post of Grand Master of Remonstrance.
再迁司隶校尉。	又升司隶校尉。	He was subsequently promoted to the post of Metropolitan Commandant.
颊曲意宦官，故得保其富贵。	段颍依附宦官，所以能够保全他的富贵。	Duan Jiong befriended the eunuchs, attaching himself to them in order to protect his wealth and power.
遂党中常侍王甫，枉诛中常侍郑飒、董腾等。	于是党附中常侍王甫，冤枉杀了中常侍郑飒、董腾等。	He associated himself with the Palace Attendant-in-ordinary Wang Fu and wrongly killed several Palace Attendants-in-ordinary—Zheng Sa, Dong Teng, and others.
增封四千户，并前万四千户。	增封食邑四千户，加上以前封的一共一万四千户。	Duan Jiong was rewarded with an additional fiefdom of four thousand households. All together, he had a fiefdom of fourteen thousand households.
明年，代李咸为太尉。	第二年，接替李咸担任太尉。	The following year, he replaced Li Xian as Defender-in-chief.
其冬病罢，复为司隶校尉。	这年冬天因病罢免，又任司隶校尉。	In the winter of the same year, he was removed from the post due to illness and later reinstated as Metropolitan Commandant.
数岁，转颍川太守。	几年后，调任颍川太守。	After several years, he was transferred to the post of Governor of Yingchuan.
征拜太中大夫。	征召回京担任太中大夫。	He was summoned back to the capital to become Superior Grand Master of the Palace.
光和二年，复代桥玄为太尉。	光和二年（公元179年），又接替桥玄担任太尉。	In the second year of the Guanghe era (179), he replaced Qiao Xuan as Defender-in-chief.
在位月余，会日食自劾。	在位一个多月，刚好遇上日食，上奏自我批评。	About one month later, a solar eclipse occurred. He submitted a self-criticism report to the emperor.
有司举奏，诏收印绶，诣廷尉。	有关部门官吏举报他，下诏收回他的印绶，到廷尉那里等候处理。	Other officials reported to the emperor against him, so the emperor commanded that his official seal be confiscated and ordered him to report to the Chamberlain for Law Enforcement to await punishment.
时司隶校尉阳球奏诛王甫，并及颍。	这时，司隶校尉阳球上奏要诛杀王甫，也连带说到了段颍。	At this time, Metropolitan Commandant Yang Qiu submitted a report to execute Wang Fu, in which Duan Jiong’s name was also mentioned.
就狱中诘责之，遂饮鸩死，家属徙边。	到狱中拷问他，于是他喝毒酒自杀，家属被流放边疆。	Yang Qiu interrogated Duan Jiong in prison, and as a result, Duan Jiong committed suicide by drinking poisonous wine. His family was exiled to the border area.
后中常侍吕强上疏，追讼颖功。	后来中常侍吕强上疏，为段颍伸冤并追论其功劳。	Later, Palace Attendant-in-ordinary Lü Qiang submitted a memorial to the emperor to redress the injustice and to recognize Duan Jiong’s merits.
灵帝诏颍妻子还本郡。	灵帝下诏释放段颍妻子儿女回本郡。	Emperor Ling thus issued an edict for the release of Duan Jiong’s wife and children and allowed them to return to their native commandery.
初，颍与皇甫威明、张然明，并知名显达京师，称为凉州三明云。	早先时候，段颍与皇甫威明、张然明名声比肩，官位显达于京师，被称为“凉州三明”。	In earlier times, Duan Jiong had shared the same fame and high status in the capital as Huangfu Weiming and Zhang Ranming, and together they were called the “Three Lights of Liangzhou.”